Concept Subnetting on Networking

Subnetting is a concept about…. How did we divide some computer into Network or Subnetwork on Networking ………….

If we have many computers in the home or office which we will divide into several division…. Such as : Marketing, Accounting and the other therefore we must divided into subnet so that it will not occurred data collision on networking……..

I will explain about subnetting and usually using some illustration or logical that has known at around us………… First I will give to you a street analogical which is to be called "Street Rasuna"…..with few home at around it and then the street Rasuna divide into several street…. : look at illustration below :

Note :

First Street Rasuna 1 can applied as Network Address/ Sub network, Home Number as Host Address whereas House Holder as Broadcast Address, and for Street Rasuna not Host as Subnet Mask Default.

I Shall give to you table Class IP Address and CIDR (Class Inter Domain Routing) :

Table IP Class :

Class	First Octet	Subnet Mask Default	Private Address
A	1- 127	255.0.0.0	10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255
B	128 – 191	255.255.0.0	172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255
C	192 - 223	255.255.255.0	192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255

 

Table CIDR Values :

Subnet Mask	CIDR Value	Subnet Mask	CIDR Value
255.128.0.0	/9	255.255.240.0	/20
255.192.0.0	/10	255.255.248.0	/21
255.224.0.0	/11	255.255.252.0	/22
255.240.0.0	/12	255.255.254.0	/23
255.248.0.0	/13	255.255.255.0	/24
255.252.0.0	/14	255.255.255.128	/25
255.252.0.0	/15	255.255.255.192	/26
255.255.0.0	/16	255.255.255.224	/27
255.255.128.0	/17	255.255.255.240	/28
255.255.192.0	/18	255.255.255.248	/29
255.255.224.0	/19	255.255.255.252	/30

 

Now. We will network calculating a IP Address of Class C :

I am to give a network address : 192.168.1.0/26

Analysis : above network is class C because we can look at table that has value CIDR /26 (255.255.255.192) or 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000…….

How does we can get a value : Amount of Subnet, Host amount per subnet, Subnet Block and Broadcast Address of host……:

I will be explaining to you right now :

1. 
   
   Amount of subnet : 2x, where x is amount of 1 binary from end octet subnet mask, so 22= 4 subnet
2. 
   
   Host amount per subnet : 2y-2, where y is amount of 0 binary from end octet subnet mask, so 26-2 = 62 hosts
3. 
   
   Subnet block = 256 – 192 (end value from subnet mask) = 64and next subnet block is 64 + 64 = 128, 128 + 64 = 192, so complete subnet = 0, 64, 128, 192
4. 
   
   After we have gotten amount of subnet…… next how is getting accord of address host and broadcast……..

We must create s table such as below :

Subnet	192.168.1.0	192.168.1.64	192.168.1.128	192.1681.192
First Host	192.168.1.1	192.168.1.65	192.168.1.129	192.168.1.193
End Host	192.168.1.62	192.168.1.126	192.168.1.190	192.168.1.254
Broadcast	192.168.1.63	192.168.1.127	192.168.1.191	192.168.1.255

 

for calculating of class B…. we will play of octet 3 and 4 but if value CIDR from /25 until /30 there is less difference….we must play on multiple of block subnet us that is have value of block subnet…….. but if we have done calculate it of octet 3…. Which we must calculating from 0,1,2,3 and other….whereas for calculating on CIDR /17 until /24…… we can do same trick with class C….. but we can entering value on octet 3……

finally for class A…. the trick is using same such as class B……….

Posted in: Networking